Churn-closure



(No Model.)

H. F. BATOHELLER.

. GHURN GLOSURB.

Patented Oot. 14, 1890.

UNITED STATES- FATENT @Erica HENRY F. BATCHELLER, OF ROCK FALLS,ILLINOIS.

CHURN-CLOSURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,263, dated ctober14, 1890.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY F. BATOHELLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Rock Falls, in the county of Whiteside and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Churns;and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in churns; and it consists,essentially, of improvem ents upon the structure shown and described inUnited States Letters Patent No. 243,350, granted to' me June 28, 1881,for improvements in churns.

The objects of my present invention are, first, to provide anexpeditious and effective method of tightening and holding the lid uponthe churn-body around the entire periphery of the lid, and, second, torender said fastening adjustable at its outer attachment to thechurn-body, so as to readily compensate, in the first use of thechurn,for anyinequalities in the contactual surfaces of the lid andchurn-body, and to adjust said fastenings at any desired point or pointsto remedy anyinequalities occasioned in the subsequent use of the churnby shrinkage or stretching of any of the parts. I attain these objectsby the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure l is a perspective of the upper end of a churn body and lidembodying my invention, the movements of the tighteninglever beingindicated in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section in theline a: of

Fig. l. Fig. 3 contains details of the parts employed. Fig. 4 exhibits amodified form of bail-seat.

My invention is especially applicable to barrel-churns, and is intendedfor use in that type of churns in which the churning is accomplished byrotating the churn from lateral central pivotal supports, and as myinvention is adapted for use with any form of barrelchurn, and theconstruction and mode of rotating the latter are well known, I do notdeem it necessary to show or describe more than the end of the churn towhich my invention is applied.

A is the body of the churn, provided at its upper or open end with anexternal ring B, seated slightly below the upper end of the staves C.

In the upper portion of the ring B, and next to the outside of thestaves C, there is formed an annular recess D, to receive and retaincork or other moisture-retaining filling E, the purpose of which is toimpart dampness to the upper ends of the staves during the interval thatthe churn is not in use, and thereby prevent shrinking of the upper endsof the staves C, and said staves from opening or leaking between theircontiguous sides.

F is the lid of the churn, around the margin of which, on the upperside'thereof, there is placed a metallic ring G, having adownwardly-projecting flange H, which extends downwardly over theperiphery of the lid F nearly, but not quite, to the lower surface ofthe latter. In the lower surface of the lid F next to the flange II ofthe ring G there is formed an annular recess J, which is filled withcork or other sealing material K. The diameter of the iid F is such thatwhen the latter is in place the recess J and filling K are directly overthe upper ends of the staves C, and when the lid is tightened inposition the staves C are forced slightly into the filling K, andthereby there is effected a joint sufficiently tight to prevent theescape of the contents of the churn.

AThe parts above mentioned are substantially those described andsecuredin my patent before referred to.

At equal distances in the ring B are provided exterior projections L,through which are formed vertical walls or openings M.

In the openings M are seated upwardly-proj ecting ears N, provided attheir upper ends with bail-openings N' and having a down`wardly-extending shank O, which projects through the hole M and isprovided with an exterior thread, upon which below the proj ection L isscrewed the ordinary nut I.

On the shank O, above the projections L and between the latter and theupper end of the ears N, are placed a suitable number of Washers R, andby removing the nut P the IOO number of washers may be increased ordiminished and the vertical altitude of the. cars N thereby changed, asdesired.

S S are bails pivoted at their outer ends, respectively, in two of theears N and adapted to fold over and from the lid F.

In the center or loop of the bails S there is formed an upwardprojection T,' havin ga convex crest adapted to be respectively engagedby the rotating arms l of the lever V.

A bolt 2 extends centrallyupwardly through the lid F, and is provided onits upper end with a thread which projects upwardly through thecentrally-depressed portion 3 of the lever V. The lever V is providedwith theV central opening 4 and is pivotally seated on the upper end ofthe bolt2 by being passed thereon and secured bythe nut 5, screwed onsaid bolt. Washers 6, placed on the bolt 2 above or below the lever V,serve to adjust the altitude of the latter, as may be desired.

The arms l serve as levers in turning the levers V on and from the bailsS, and also serve, when turned thereon, as engaging-arms to force andhold said bails at or near their outer extremities down upon the upperedge of the ring G.

The advantage of the projections T onthe bails S consists in the factthat there is no contact between the arms 1 and said bails until thelever V has been turned so far that said arms project over beyond saidbails sufficiently to enable the operator to grasp the ends of saidlever, when they are readily forced into position perpendicular to thecenter of said bails. In the ordinary construction of said bails-thatis, with a uniform curvature-the initiative engagement of the arms withthe bails S would be at the outer extremities of said arms, and therewouldv be therefore no space beyond the bails to grasp the outer ends ofsaid arms, and neither would there then be exerted any leverage uponsaid bails, while in my construction the arms l of the lever V do notengage the bails S until they strike the rise of the projections T,

in which position the said arms extend sufficiently beyond the bails Sto afford space for grasping and leverage upon the point of contact withsaid bails.

To correct any inequalities in the fitting of the lid F, ei-therinherent in the original construction or resulting from subsequent use,the altitude of the ears N can be severally changed. In the meansheretofore employed for adjusting the pressure of the bail-levers S suchadjustment was located solely at the center of the lid, and thereforeequally operative upon all of the pressure-points of said bails, so thatto tighten one or more pointsin the periphery of the lid at which thepressure was too slight an excess of pressure had to be created at allof theother points to bring the pressure at the deficient points up tothe neeessary degree, while in my invention the adjustment can beaccomplished at the locality Where there is a lack of sufficientpressure without changing the pressure at those localities where it maybe already suii'icient.

Itis obvious that the altitude of the pivotal seat of the bails S canbeA changed in various modes. One modification of my method is shown inFig. 4, in which the pivotal portion of the bail S is seated in avertical slot formed inthe ear N, and a set-screw projected downwardlyinto said slot changes the altitude of the pivotal end of said bail bybeing inserted or withdrawn.

The operation of my invention is as follows: After the bails S arethrown outward the lid F is placed over the staves C, so that the upperends of the latter are covered by the filling K in the ring G. The bailsS are then thrown inward, leverV being parallel with the adjacentsurface of said bails. The said lever is then turned with its arms overthe projections T to a position perpendicular thereto. In the last-namedoperation as the arms l of the lever V come in contact with the inelineof the projections T the pressure begins and is continued, graduallyincreasing until the lever is perpendicular to the bail as aforesaid andrests upon the apex of projections T, when the pressure of the lid Fupon the churn A is suflicient.

A small notch may be made in the apex of one of the projections T,which, being forced by the upward pressure of the bail against the lowersurface of the contiguous arm l, serves to secure the lever V againstany casual displacement.

I am aware that bails having substantially flat or slightly-upwardcurved apices have been used in connection with a bail-button andthumb-screw; but my invention ditfers therefromin giving the projectionsT such degree of curvature that in the turning of the lever V there is asuflicient downwardforcin g of its bails S to accomplish the requisitetightening without any supplementary tightening device.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, is-

l. The combination of the churn-body A, lid F,verticallyadjustable earsN, bails S, pivotally seated at their outer ends in said ears, andmeans, substantially as shown, for forcing and holding downward theinner'ends of said bails, for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the churn-body A, the lid F, the external ring B,attached to said churn-body, ears N, vertically adjustable in said ring,bails S, pivotallyseated in said ears at their outer extremities, andmeans, substantially as shown, for forcing and holding downward thecentral portion of said arms, for the purpose described.

3. The combination of the churn-body A, lid F, external ring B, attachedto said churnbody, bail-ears N,vertically adjustable in said ring, bailsS, pivotally seated at their extremities in said ears and providedcentrally with the upward projections T, and lever V, piv- IOO ITO

oted centrally on the lid F and provided with arms l, adapted to exertdownward pressure upon the proj ections'l`,substantiallyas shown, andfor the purpose described.

4. The combination of the churn-body A, lid F, external ring B, attachedto said churnbody and provided with projections L, ears N, verticallyadjustable in said projections, bails S, pivotally seated at their outerextremities in said ears, and means, substantially as shown, forexerting downward pressure upon the central portion of said bails, forthe purpose described.

5. The combination of the churn-body A, lid F,verticallyadj ustable earsNon the exterior of said churn-body, bails S, pivoted at theirextremities in said ears, and means, substantially as shown, forexerting downward pressears, and means, substantially as shown, for

exerting downward pressure upon the central portion of said bails, forthe purpose described. In testimony whereof I affix my signature inpresence of two witnesses.

HENRY F. BATCI-IELLER. Witnesses:

ADDIsoN M. BATCHELLER, ADDA E. WARD.

